Cassava, a root vegetable native to South America, has firmly rooted itself in the soils of Nigeria, becoming an integral part of its agricultural landscape. While recent initiatives like the Cassava Biomass Bio-Ethanol Project have highlighted its potential as a renewable energy source, cassava’s versatility extends far beyond ethanol. Let’s explore the diverse applications of this humble tuber in the Nigerian economy.
1. Food Staple
Cassava is a dietary mainstay for many Nigerians. It’s processed into a variety of dishes:
- Garri: A popular fermented and roasted granular flour consumed with soups.
- Fufu: A soft dough-like consistency food, often paired with flavorful stews.
- Abacha: A delicacy made from boiled and shredded cassava, seasoned with palm oil and spices.
2. Industrial Starch Production
Cassava starch is a prized commodity in various industries. Its applications range from:
- Textile Industry: Used as a thickener in dyes.
- Food Industry: A binding agent in soups, sauces, and baked goods.
- Pharmaceuticals: As a binder and disintegrant in tablets.
3. Animal Feed
The peels and remnants from cassava processing, rich in nutrients, serve as an economical feed for livestock, reducing the dependency on more expensive feed sources.
4. Local Brews
Cassava finds its way into traditional Nigerian drinks. Fermented cassava forms the base for drinks like “Ogogoro” (a local gin) and “Burukutu” (a traditional beer).
5. Bio-plastics Production
With the global shift towards sustainable packaging, cassava starch-based bio-plastics are emerging as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional plastics. These biodegradable plastics can significantly reduce environmental pollution.
6. Cassava Flour
As wheat prices soar, cassava flour emerges as a cost-effective substitute in baking and confectionery, reducing the nation’s dependence on imported wheat.
7. Revenue from Export
Apart from catering to domestic needs, cassava products like dried chips and starch are exported, earning foreign exchange and boosting Nigeria’s trade balance.
8. Medicinal Uses
Traditional medicine in Nigeria harnesses cassava’s medicinal properties, using its leaves and roots to treat ailments like fever, diarrhea, and wounds.
Conclusion
Cassava’s multifaceted role in the Nigerian economy underscores its significance. While ethanol production from cassava is a promising venture, it’s essential to recognize and promote the tuber’s myriad other uses. By doing so, Nigeria can ensure a sustainable and diversified cassava industry, reaping economic, environmental, and societal benefits